Declaration of Foz do Iguacu (2008)

Preface:The Declaration of Foz do Iguacu (2008) was adopted by the ICOMOS Vice President for the Americas in the city of Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, on May 29, 30 y 31, 2008.

The Presidents and Members of the National Committees of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, México and Paraguay, met jointly with the ICOMOS Vice President for the Americas in the city of Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, on May 29, 30 y 31, 2008, with the objective of reflecting on the concept of the “Spirit of Place”, the main theme of XVIth General Assembly of ICOMOS to be held in Québec in October of 2008.

The participants express their appreciation to ICOMOS Brasil and to ITAIPU Binacional for organizing this forum, and based on the discussins held, we approve the following conclusions:

1. On the concept of “Spirit of Place”.

The concept of Spirit of Place is linked to the interaction between the material and intagible components of natural settings and/or of those built by humans. This is an essential notion, since by its very definition, a “place” is not just any space, but a space characterized by a singular identity. In this sense, the “spirit” is the vital breath that expresses such identity, resulting from the relationship between a specific culture and the location in which it exists. Among the elements that constitute or have an impact on the “Spirit of Place,”.

2.    The importance of understanding the “Spirit of Place”. The identification of the material and the intangible components that define the “Spirit of Place” is essential for the preservation of the identity of communities that have created spaces of cultural and historical significance, and that have transmitted them from one generation to the next.

The study, analysis and understanding of the components of a place are appropriate resources in identifyin the actions needed for preservation, understood as actions that allow the expression of the spirit.
3.        Threats to the “Spirit of Place”.

Category

Date

2008

Promulgation

ICOMOS, Foz do Iguacu, Parana, Brazil, 29-31 May.

Descriptions

• It specifies that the tangible and intangible components of heritage are essential in the preservation of the identity of communities that have created and transmitted spaces of cultural and historical significance.
• The concept of “Spirit of Place” should be integrated in the processes of urban and territorial planning as the means to comprehensively preserve natural and cultural landscapes, as well as cities and urban areas of historic and cultural significance.
• That urban legislation, plans and new development projects in natural and man-made settings take into consideration their possible impact on the “Spirit of Place”.

Source

http://www.international.icomos.org/centre_documentation/declaration-igua%C3%A7u-eng.pdf

Download

http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Declaration-of-Foz-do-Iguacu-2008.pdf

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• Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/11/hague_convention1954/
• UN General Assembly Resolution on the Return or Restitution of Cultural Property to the Countries of Origin
  • 1993:
    • Return or restitution of cultural property to the countries of origin. http://www.un.org/documents/ga/res/48/a48r015.htm
    •  http://www.unesco.org/culture/laws/pdf/UNGA_resolution4815.pdf
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• The Fez Charter (1993)
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• New Orleans Charter for the Joint Preservation of Historic Structures and Artifacts (1992)
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• Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) of 1992
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  • https://www.cbd.int/convention/
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    • Chinese: https://www.cbd.int/doc/legal/cbd-zh.pdf
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    • Chinese: http://legal.un.org/avl/pdf/ha/cpbcbd/cpbcbd_c.pdf
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• Charter of Courmayeur (1992)
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• Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Heritage Value (1992)
  • 1992: http://www.gdrc.org/heritage/icomos-nz.html
  • 2010 revision: http://www.icomos.org.nz/docs/NZ_Charter.pdf
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• A Preservation Charter for the Historic Towns and Areas of the United States of America (1992)
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• The Québec City Declaration (1991)
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    • http://www.ovpm.org/index.php?module=pagesetter&func=viewpub&tid=1&pid=40
    • Minaidis, L., 2014. Organization of World Heritage Cities (OWHC). In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 5611–5614.
  • Bergen Protocol  on communications and relations among cities of  the Organization of World Heritage Cities. http://icomosubih.ba/pdf/suradnja/Bergen_Protocol.pdf
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• International Scientific Committee on Historic Towns
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  • ICOMOS International Committee on Historic Towns 
  • 1. Statutes of the Committee on Historic Towns 
  • 2. List of Members of CIVVIH 
  • 3. The Headquarters of CIVVIH  (Andrea Gadoczi)
  • 4. The International Charter of Historic Towns 
  • 5. List of World Heritage Towns and Villages 
  • 6. Resolutions, Recommendations, Declarations on the Rehabilitation of Historic Towns 1 -22 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation concerning the Safeguarding of the Beauty and Character of Landscapes and Sites. Paris, 11 December 1962 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions on the Regeneration of Historic Urban Sites. Levoca, 20-26 June 1966 
    • – ICOMOS- First Conference on the Protection and Revivification of Centres of Historic or Artistic Interest. Cáceres, 15-19 March 1967 
    • – ICOMOS- Recommendations of the Executive Committee Concerning Special Problems relating to the Reclamation, Restoration and Development of the Potencialities of the North-African and Asian Cities of the Mediterranean Basin. Tunis, 9-16 June 1968 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions of the Symposium on the Introduction of Contemporary Architecture into Ancient Groups of Buildings. Budapest, 25-30 June 1972 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolution adopted by the Sandefjord Symposium the Wooden Town in Scandinavian Countries. Sandefjord, 22-24 September 1972 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation Concerning the Protection, at National Level, of the Cultural and Natural Heritage. Paris, 16 November 1972
    • – ICMOS- Resolutions of the Symposium devoted to the Study of “The Streetscape in Historic Towns”. Lausanne, 17-22 June 1973 
    • – ICOMOS- 1° Conferenza Mondiale del Traffico. Bologna, 10-12 June 1973 
    • – ICOMOS- UIA Seminar on the Integration of Modern Architecture in Old Surroundings. Kazimierz Dolny, 16-19 October 1974 
    • – ICOMOS- The Resolution of Bruges: Principles Governing the Rehabilitation of Historic Towns. Bruges, 12-15 May 1975 
    • – ICOMOS- Resolutions of the International Symposium on the Conservation of Smaller Historic Towns. Rothenburg/ Tauber, 29-30 May 1975 
    • – Europa Nostra- Charte Europeenne du Patrimoine Architectural. Amsterdam, 1975 
    • – ICOMOS- UNESCO- Recommendation adopted at the International Symposium- A New Life for Historic Towns. Prague- Bratislava, 30 September- 5 October 1976 
    • – UNESCO- Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of Historic Areas. Nairobi, 26 October- 30 November 1976
    • – ICOMOS- Resolution “Secteurs Sauvegardés Ruraux”. Szombathely, 23-29 Juin 1977 
    • – ICOMOS- Colloque sur les “Ensembles Historique Traditionnels”. Cracovie, 15-18 October 1980 
      – Internazionale Städteforum Memorandum of Graz- To avoid Suffocating of Our Cities in Traffic Graz, 7-10 June 1990 
    • – ICOMOS- COMPTE Rendu du Colloque International “Methodes Scientifiques pour Sauvegarder la Memoire d’une Ville: problemes de la Formation”. Sofia, 28 Sept.- 1 Oct. 1990 
    • – ICOMOS- Declaración de la Ciudad de México; 25 Años de Conservación del Patrimonio: Balance y Perspectivas. Ciudad de México, 7-10 Novembre 1990 
    • – Network of World Heritage Towns- the Quebec City Declaration- Preservation of the Urban Heritage. Quebec, 30 June- 4 July 1991 
    • – Conseil de l’Europe Declaration; 7e Symposium des Villes Historiques. Istambul, 16-18 September 1992 
  • 7. Collection of Data of CIVVIH Meetings  (prepared by Tamas Fejérdy)
•  CIVVIH
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• ICOMOS. International Charters for Conservation and Restoration. http://www.icomos.org/charters/charters.pdf
• Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics
  • 1982 version:
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  • 2002 Amendment:
    • http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Law-of-the-People’s-Republic-of-China-on-Protection-of-Culture-Relics-2002-10-28.pdf
    •  https://digital.law.washington.edu/dspace-law/bitstream/handle/1773.1/533/18PacRimLPolyJ405.pdf?sequence=1
  • 2007 Amendment:
    • http://www.unesco.org/culture/natlaws/media/pdf/china/china_lawprotectionclt_entof
    •  https://www.unodc.org/res/cld/document/chn/1982/law-of-the-peoples-republic-of-china-on-protection-of-cultural-relics-chinese_html/Chinese.pdf
    • http://www.giurisprudenza.unimib.it/DATA/insegnamenti/8_896/materiale/losier%20class%205%201.pdf
  • 2013 Amendment:
    •  http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Cultural-Relics-Protection-Law-of-the-People’s-Republic-of-China-2013-Amendment.pdf
  • Regulations for the Implementation of the Copyright Law of the People’s Republic of China (2002)
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• Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China
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  • Publication by the Getty Conservation Institute (2015)
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    • http://www.getty.edu/conservation/publications_resources/pdf_publications/china_principles_revised_2015.html
• Law of the People’s Republic of China on Protection of Cultural Relics
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• Macau Legislation on Heritage
  • Defence of the architectural, environmental and cultural heritage (Decree No. 56/84/M, 30th June 1984)
    • The Government is concerned to preserve and revive the historic, cultural and architectural heritage of the Territory. An important step towards this end was the creation of the Cultural Institute of Macau which, combining as it does the sectors of cultural heritage, cultural activities and training and research, will seek to coordinate activities in the cultural field.
    • http://www.macauheritage.net/en/Decree/law5684m.aspx
  • Defence of the architectural, environmental and cultural heritage (Decree 83/92/M, 31st December 1992)
    • The preservation of Macau’s monumental, architectonic, urban and cultural heritage is based on the defence of its historic and cultural values, which is, still today, a unique witness, amongst the regions of Southeast Asia and the World.
    • http://www.macauheritage.net/en/Decree/law8392m.aspx
• ICOMOS 15^th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium (Xi’an, China, 17-21 October, 2005). http://www.icomos.org/xian2005/
• Red List of Chinese Cultural Objects at Risk. http://icom.museum/uploads/tx_hpoindexbdd/RedListofChineseCulturalObjectsatRisk-English.pdf
• Sir, how much is that ming vase in the window? Protecting Cultural Relics in the People’s Republic of China.  http://blog.hawaii.edu/aplpj/files/2011/11/APLPJ_05.1_dutra.pdf
• Deschambault Charter for the Preservation of Quebec’s Heritage (1982)
  • http://www.international.icomos.org/en/charters-and-texts/179-articles-en-francais/ressources/charters-and-standards/192-the-deschambault-charter
  •  http://ocpm.qc.ca/sites/import.ocpm.aegirvps.net/files/pdf/PD04/3mEN.pdf
  • Principles for the Governance of the Heritage Conservation Sector in Canada:  Lessons from International Experience.  http://www.historicplaces.ca/media/10833/governanceforheritage.pdf
• Declaration of Dresden (1982)
  • Reconstruction in the World Heritage Context.  https://engagingconservationyork.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/reconstruction-in-wh-context-rev.pdf
• Conservation and sustainability in Historic Cities.  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9780470759547.biblio/pdf
• The Florence Charter: Historic Gardens (1981)
  •  http://www.international.icomos.org/charters/gardens_e.pdf
  • http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/historic-gardens/
  • O’Donnell, P.M., 2014.  Florence Charter on Historic Gardens (1982). In: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2812–2817.
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• Recommendation for the Safeguarding and Preservation of Moving Images (1980)
  •  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114029e.pdf
  • Walsh, J. (1974).  Soviet-American Copyright Deals-Better Where Barter Is Possible. Science, 186(4166), 805–807. doi:10.1126/science.186.4166.805
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• World Day for Audiovisual Heritage
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  •  http://www.girona.cat/web/sgdap/docs/declaracio_arxius_audiovisuals-2015-DEF_ENG.pdf
  • UNESCO instrument for the safeguarding and preservation of the audiovisual heritage. http://www.ccaaa.org/docs/ccaaa_heritage.pdf
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• The Universal Copyright Convention (1952). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/10/the-ucc-1952/
• The Universal Copyright Convention of 1971 (1971). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/11/13/copyright-1971/
• Recommendation for the Protection of Movable Cultural Property (1978).
  • http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/12/30/recommendation-1978/
  •  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032e.pdf#page=176
  •  http://orcp.hustoj.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/1978-Recommendation-for-the-Protection-of-Movable-Cultural-Property-1978.pdf
  •  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0006/000603/060309eo.pdf
  • http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=13137&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
    • English:  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032e.pdf#page=176
    • Chinese: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114032cb.pdf#page=1
• Recommendation for the Protection of Movable Cultural Property (1978).
  • Nelson, N.C., 1937.  Prehistoric Archeology, Past, Present and Future. Science, 85 (2195), 81–89.
  • Lomax, A. and Berkowitz, N., 1972.  The Evolutionary Taxonomy of Culture. Science, 177 (4045), 228–239.
  • Graham, G.M., 1987. Protection and Reversion of Cultural Property: Issues of Definition and Justification. The International Lawyer, 21 (3), 755–793.
• The SPAB Manifesto (1877). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/08/the-spab-manifesto/
• Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/11/hague_convention1954/
• Recommendation on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1964).  http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/24/illicit-import-1964/
• Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property (1970). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/11/03/means-1970-2/
• The Charter of Machu Picchu (1977).
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  • Le Corbusier,  Principios De Urbanismo, Barcelona: Ariel, 1975 (Titulo del original Frances: LA Charte D’Athenes, Collection Forces Vives—Editions de Minuit).
  •  The Charter of Machu Picchu, 1979. Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 5–9.
  • Seidel, A., Gibson, J., Preiser, W.F.E., and Pellish, D.M., 1979.  Four Commentaries on the Charter. Journal of Architectural Research, 7 (2), 10–12.
  • Built Heritage and Sustainable Tourism.  http://cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/29226/InTech-Built_heritage_and_sustainable_tourism_conceptual_economic_and_social_variables.pdf
• Charter of Athens (1933). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/10/10/charter-of-athens-1933/.
• Recommendation Concerning the Safeguarding and Contemporary Role of Historic Areas (1976).
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  • Chinese:  http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0011/001140/114038cb.pdf#page=1
• The Conservation of old cities as part of the cultural heritage, seen within the context of modern urbanization
• Cultural Tourism (1976). http://orcp.hustoj.com/2015/12/29/cultural-tourism-1976/
• The Role of the ICOMOS in Cultural Tourism at World Heritage Sites.  http://www.icomos.org/publications/93sy_tou10.pdf
• ICOMOS International Cultural Tourism Charter (Managing Tourism at Places of Heritage Significance, 1999).
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